D/D - Delivered.

D/S - Days after sight (payment term often used in conjunction with bank drafts and documentary credits).

DAF - Delivered at Frontier.

Daily Range - The difference between the high and low price during one trading day.

Data Preprocessing - Altering data to some extent to be more accurately analyzed; smoothing, reducing unwanted data, removing trend. Processing data is mathematically transforming the data from one form into another with the goal of amplifying pertinent information for traders.

Date Draft - A draft that matures a specified number of days after issue.

DDC - Sometimes said to be ‘delivered destination charges’. Referring to various miscellaneous charges in the port of destination; alternatively said to refer to dispatch money at discharge.

DDP - Delivered Duty Paid.

DDU - Delivered Duty Unpaid.

Dead Cat Bounce - A rebound in a market that sees prices recover and come back up somewhat.

Dealing - The buying and selling of foreign currencies in the foreign exchange markets of the world.

Debit Spread - The difference in value of two options, where the value of the long position exceeds the value of the short position.

Deductive Logic - Logic traditionally used in expert systems, which defines a method for reasoning from the general to the specific.

Deep-in-the-Money - A deep-in-the-money call option has the strike price of the option well below the current price of the underlying instrument. A deep-in-the-money put option has the strike price of the option well above the current price of the underlying instrument.

Degrees of Freedom - The number of independent observations; the number of observations minus the number of parameters to be estimated.

Delay - The amount of time that elapses between a change in an input event and the resultant change in a related output event or time series.

Demand Draft - A bill of exchange payable at sight or on-demand.

Demand Guarantee - A guarantee usually issued by a bank, under which the beneficiary is only required to make a demand in order to receive payment. In contrast to the conditional or suretyship guarantee - which require the beneficiary to provide proof of the principal’s default, a demand guarantee only requires that the beneficiary make a simple demand, and therefore this latter type of guarantee is relatively risky in terms of exposure to an unjustified demand on the part of the beneficiary.

Demand Index - An index that shows the buying and selling power of markets and stocks from mathematical calculations of volume and price ratios.

Defendence - A relationship between two different experimental results in which the first result does not directly influence the chances of the second result occurring, but instead, the two results are indirectly related because they are subject to influences from a common outside factor.

DEQ - Delivered Ex Quay.

Destuffing - Unloading goods from a container.

Deterministic - The fundamental continuous effect of an exogenous variable such as money supply that can be deter mined to be explanatory.

Deterministic System - A system in which the outcome is determined by an equation; a system in which cause and effect is easily determined.

Detrend - To remove the general drift, tendency, or bent of a set of statistical data as related to time.

Devanning - Unloading goods from a container.

Difference-in-Means Test - A statistical test that indicates the likelihood of observing the difference if the true differ ence were zero. 

Diffusion Equation - A partial differential equation, used in solving a random walk problem.

Discount Interest Rate - Discount refers to the amount of interest for the period of finance deducted from the face value of a bill of exchange or promissory note. 

Discrepancy - Documentary credit context: a discrepancy arises when documents presented under a documentary credit do not conform to the terms of the credit; generally, an error, contradiction or omission related to the documents constitutes the discrepancy.

Dividend Reinvestment Plan - A program offered by a publicly held company in which dividends are used to buy more shares of the company.

Dock Receipt - A document certifying receipt of goods by the international carrier at the port of departure.

Document of Title - An instrument that enables the holder to deal with the property described in it as if they were the owner, e.g. bill of lading.

Document against Acceptance (D/A) - An instrument which enables the holder to deal with the property described in it as if they were the owner, e.g. bill of lading.

Document against Payment (D/P) - In the case of a sight draft, the documents transferring title to goods are released to the buyer/importer only against cash payment.

Double-Smoothed - A price series that has been smoothed by a mathematical technique such as a moving average.

Draft - called a bill of exchange, may be payable to a named person or their order (order draft), or to bearer (bearer draft).

Drawdown - The reduction in account equity as a result of a trade or series of trades.

Drawee - The individual or firm on whom a draft is drawn.

Due Date - The date on which a bill of exchange or other instrument becomes due and payable.

Dumping - The practice of selling a product in a foreign market at an unfairly low price (a price which is lower than the cost in the home market, or which is lower than the cost of production) in order to gain a competitive advantage over other suppliers.

Dynamic Data Exchange - Ability to automatically update an application from within another application.